The occupational crime term has been first implemented in the criminological science as one of the two main types of the white collar crime. The term refers to the type of the white collar crime committed by the individual offender within the organization that usually takes the victim position. In fact that has not always been true, as the prior studies were more likely to consider the organization as delinquent rather than a victim. While studying the specifications of the occupational crime, there were defined three main types within the category: asset misappropriation, corruption and fraudulent statements. Although the studies within the sphere were extremely important for the development of the criminological science, the amount of the researches could have been more precise if all the important specific features of the studying sphere had been taken into account. The research of Professor Kristy Holtfreter aimed to study all the details of the occupational fraud and compare it with the characteristics and statistical data of the common white collar crime as mentioned by thesis writing service

One of the main categories within the description of the white collar crime and occupational fraud is the offender. To give the definition to the term researchers took into account the categories of age, race, gender, education and position occupied. The ‘typical’ offender was a white male that occupies one of the leading positions within the company. Within this paper Holtfreter underlines that although this definition in the key one for the term and that it is quite reasonable and reliable, as at some points in reflects the actual situation, professor mentions that it is not perfectly accurate. The gender category shows a slightly different data, as the amount of white collar crimes committed by the female offenders is practically the same as by male offenders. All other characteristics have been proven to be true.

All the researches being made within the article show that in the end the occupational fraud offenders are different from the average white collar crime offenders that were studied in the prior researches. It is necessary to mention that the characteristics varied from one type of the occupational fraud to another. The examples that can show the difference is the educational level within the asset misappropriation and fraudulent statements, as the first did not need the higher education level, while the second, usually committed but the higher position representatives, usually required a degree, good skills and experience. But despite the particular differences within the issues’ data, all the three types in general represent a model that can be compared with the same specifications made within the previous researches of the common white collar crime. But in the amount of all other characteristics these notions do not support the prior studies.

The article represented the history of the researches within the sphere of the white collar crime problem and underlined the main categories of the notion, paying attention to the occupational fraud. The prior researches were compared with the actual data and analyzed in details. The ‘typical’ occupational fraud offender image as considered to be partly true, although it needs corrections in the gender characteristics. Another important notion was the difference between the occupational fraud and the general white collar crime. The differences do exist and the occupational fraud was not determined as a form of the white collar crime. Some differences in data can also be seen among the types of the occupational fraud, as they are generally committed by slightly different types of offenders. But, although there are a lot of differences between them, some issues are similar for the both categories.